Three‐dimensional scanning with dual‐source computed tomography in patients with acute skeletal trauma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of multiplanar reformatted images and threedimensional images created after multidetector computed tomography examination in detecting acute posttraumatic osseous pathology of the skeletal system. METHOD: Between October 2006 and December 2008, 105 patients with a history of acute trauma were referred to our service. Patients were evaluated with multidetector computed tomography using multiplanary reconstructed images initially (R-I), and six months after this initial evaluation, three-dimensional images were assessed of each patient (R-II). Axial images were used for guiding as a reference Data obtained was recorded and graded according to importance levels of the pathologies. RESULTS: The R-II score was higher in the non-articular and highest in periartricular fractures of the extremities, and thoracic and pelvic cage injuries. For the spinal column, while R-I data was more significant In patients referred with polytrauma, R-II data, was more statistically significant, for short processing and adaptation time to acquiring immediate critical information. For all cases it was seen that three dimensional scans were more efficient in providing the orientation, within a short time. CONCLUSION: By dual source multidedector tomography systems trauma patients may be evaluated by multiplanary and three dimensionally reconstructed images. When used correctly, three dimensional imaging is advantageous and can help determine the exact nature and extension and also importance of osseous injuries

Bruxism and Current Treatment Approaches

Among the mastication system disorders bruxism is a parafunctional behavior that comes from psychophysiological origin. Epidemiologic studies have reported great variability of bruxism prevalence. The factors that could cause bruxism is highly controversial. There are different opinions on this issue. The etiologic factors of bruxism include stress, malnutrition, allergic and endocrinologic diseases, central nervous system disorders, genetic factors, medicines, malocclusion, and wrong dental treatment. The aim of treatment of bruxism is to prevent damage that may occur on teeth and in the temporomandibular joint and to eliminate pain. Dental treatment, physical therapy, pharmacological treatment and behavioral and cognitive therapy can be considered for this purpose of treatment. This review summarizes the etiologic factors, epidemiology, diagnosis, and current treatment approaches of patient with bruxism. [Archives Medical Review Journal 2016; 25(2.000): 241-258

Comparison of conservative and surgical treatment methods in patients with meniscopathy

Objective: Arthroscopic surgery is currently a well-known treatment method for meniscal pathologies. This study aims to compare conservative and surgical methods in patients with meniscopathy. Materials and Methods: The retrospective analyses of 68 patients with meniscal tear were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: a medical treatment group (MTG) and a surgical treatment group (STG). Diagnosis was perfomed by physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients were evaluated before and after treatment with main pain score (MPS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, body mass index (BMI), and Ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (US-CRP). In the MTG group, 31 patients underwent medical treatment with naproxen sodium for three days, ice application, activity modification, and muscle exercises. In the STG group, 37 patients underwent arthroscopic partial menisectomy and naproxen sodium for three days. Parameters characterizing pretreatment and posttreatment states were compared statistically. The MPS, IKDC, BMI, and US-CRP values of both groups were recorded at baseline and three months after treatment. Results: Surgical treatment group (STG): In this group, after three months of treatment, MPS decreased and IKDC scores increased significantly when compared with baseline (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The difference for the US-CRP levels and BMI values was not statistically significant (P = 0.1500 and P > 0.1799, respectively). Medical treatment group (MTG): In this group, MPS decreased and BMI increased significantly after three months compared with preoperative scores (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). However, the difference between average IKDC scores and US-CRP levels was not statistically significant (P = 0.1828 and P > 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: IKDC and pain scores of patients with meniscal tear improved by arthroscopic knee surgery. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2016; 5(2.000): 78-84